An Encoder, also known as a pulse generator, encoder or angular position transducer, is an electromechanical device.

It is widely used in the industrial automation segment. Provides precise measurements and controls on speed of rotation, linear speed, angular or linear positioning of a motor.

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Encoder Operation

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The encoder is responsible for counting or reproducing from the rotational movement of its axis, converting the rotating movements or linear displacements into square or sine wave electrical impulses, generating a number of pulses per precise rotation throughout its rotation.

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The essential variables for the encoder to have precise control are: the speed in the direction of rotation and / or the exact angle at which it stops.

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Encoders can also be used with other devices such as: counters, tachometers, programmable logic controllers (PLC) or with frequency converters for analog signals.

Encoder models

There are two types of encoder: Incremental and Absolute . For robust applications, more robust encoders called Heavy-Duty can also be found.

Absolute

They are responsible for indicating the real position of the object using a unique code capable of identifying its position with each movement. Sensors of this type can be used to measure linear angular displacement.

The absolute sensors have several reading ranges (light and dark) that are programmed to provide a digital indication of the disk's static position.

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Incremental

Unlike the absolute encoder, the position of the incremental encoder is determined by pulses starting from zero. In the event of a power failure, for example, the Encoder needs to resume and update its position from scratch in order to be identified.

The reading is made with one or more infrared emitters with sensors on the opposite side.

Both use the same process, the principle of transparent and opaque windows.